Article : Ethical issues of the application of artificial intelligence in healthcare.

Above titled summarizes the ethical concerns surrounding the use of AI in the healthcare field. The article is open access and can be found at the provided link: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s43681-021-00131-7

The aim of this study was to review the existing literature on ethical issues surrounding AI in healthcare and propose steps towards an evidence-informed approach. The study focused on extracting evidence of ethical principles emphasized in trustworthy AI ethics guidelines. The published literature showed that fairness, human autonomy, explainability, and patient privacy were the most frequently discussed ethical aspects. The limitations of this study include a database search up to July 2020 and a lack of data on the geographical location of the studies. This makes it unclear if the findings are representative of high-income or also low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), which present additional challenges in terms of infrastructure and ethical considerations. A recent scoping review also highlights the need for exploring ethical implications of AI in LMICs. In conclusion, while AI is rapidly expanding in healthcare, no universally accepted framework for ethical AI development has been established. Ethics guidelines for trustworthy AI provide guidance, but lack practical methods for testing AI for ethical function and implementation. Additionally, certain groups such as vulnerable populations and healthcare providers are underrepresented in discussions about AI ethics in healthcare.